Reticulofenestra 1466 23 2
R. tenuistriata, 7.2 µm
Reticulofenestra 947 17 2
R. tenuistriata, 7.3 µm
Reticulofenestra 1237 12
R. pseudoumbilica, 11.0/8.3 µm
Reticulofenestra 1263 7
R. dictyoda 5.8 µm
Type Species

Reticulojenestra caucasica Hay, Mohler & Wade, 1966

Synonyms

Apertapetra Hay, Mohler & Wade, 1966

Stradnerius Haq, 1968

Crenalithus Roth, 1973

Description

The species of this genus are primarily identified based on their overall size and the ratio of the pelaga to the central area.

Elliptical Groups

Reticulofenestra gelida group

  • Reticulofenestra asafis Varol, in prep.
  • Reticulofenestra clemencesalleyae Varol, in prep.
  • Reticulofenestra gelida (Geitzenauer in Geitzenauer & Huddlestun, 1972) Backman, 1978
  • Reticulofenestra hesslandii (Haq, 1966) Roth, 1970
  • Reticulofenestra subrotunda Varol, in prep.
  • Prinsius minutus Haq, 1971 (Reticulofenestra minuta is preoccupied)

Reticulofenestra pseudoumbilicus group

  • Reticulofenestra umbilicus (Levin, 1965) Martini & Ritzkowski, 1968
  • Reticulofenestra pelycomorphus (Reinhardt, 1966) de Kaenel in de Kaenel & Mojon, 2023
  • Reticulofenestra pseudoumbilicus (Gartner, 1967a) Gartner, 1969b
  • Reticulofenestra caucasica Hay, Mohler & Wade,1966
  • Reticulofenestra tenuistriata (Kamptner) Varol, 1989a
  • Reticulofenestra ampliumbilicus Theodoridis, 1984
  • Reticulofenestra dictyoda (Deflandre & Fert, 1954) Stradner in Stradner & Edwards, 1968
  • Reticulofenestra simillimus (Deflandre & Fert, 1954) Varol, n. comb.

Reticulofenestra primitiva Group

  • Reticulofenestra hillae Bukry & Percival, 1971
  • Reticulofenestra lata (Maiorano, 2006) Varol, amended.
  • Reticulofenestra primitiva Gheta, 1982
  • Reticulofenestra sp_A
  • Reticulofenestra asanoi Sato & Takayama (1992)
  • Reticulofenestra zancleana di Stefano & Sturiale, 2010

Circular Group

Reticulofenestra bukryi group

  • Reticulofenestra bukryi (Wise, 1973) Varol, n. comb.
  • Reticulofenestra dennei Varol, 2025a
  • Reticulofenestra laevis Hay et al., 1967
  • Reticulofenestra looseae Varol, 2025a
  • Reticulofenestra pospichalii de Kaenel & Bergen in Boesiger et al., 2017
  • Reticulofenestra rotaria Theodoridis, 1984
  • Reticulofenestra rupeliensis (Müller, 1970) de Kaenel in de Kaenel & Mojon, 2023
Remarks

Optical Properties: Reticulofenestra displays specific optical properties. These include inclined dextrogyre extinction lines, with angles typically around 9° on the distal shield and 77° on the tube cycles on the distal side. The species of Reticulofenestra also exhibits length-fast (-) elongation.

An overview of Reticulofenestra species is presented in Table 5 in Varol (2025a).

Circular to elliptical concave-convex placoliths exhibit several distinctive features. The distal shield is larger than the proximal shield. The central area is typically void or covered by a delicate net, which is often not preserved. A tube cycle surrounds the central area.

References

Backman, J. 1978. Late Miocene - Early Pliocene nannofossil biochronology and biogeography in the Vera Basin, SE Spain. Stockholm Contributions in Geology 32: 93-114.

Black, M. 1967. New names for some coccolith taxa. - Proceedings of the Geological Society of London 1640: 139-145.

Boesiger, T. M., de Kaenel, E., Bergen, J. A., Browning, E. & Blair, S. A. 2017. Oligocene to Pleistocene taxonomy and stratigraphy of the genus Helicosphaera and other placolith taxa in the circum North Atlantic Basin. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 37(2-3): 145-175.

Bukry, D. 1971b. Cenozoic calcareous nannofossils from the Pacific Ocean. - San Diego Society of Natural History Transactions 16: 303-327.

Bukry, D. & Percival, S. F. 1971. New Tertiary calcareous nannofossils. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 8: 123-146.

Deflandre, G. & Fert, C. 1954. Observations on current and fossil coccolithophorids in ordinary and electron microscopy. Annales de Paléontologie 40: 115-176.

de Kaenel, E. & Mojon, P. -O. 2023. Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the Eocene/Oligocene boundary (Zones NP19–21) in the parautochthonous Subalpine UMM of the Swiss Molasse Basin (Canton Fribourg, Western Switzerland). Journal of Nannoplankton Research. 41(2): 64-96.

di Stefano, A. & Sturiale, G. 2010. Refinements of calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy at the Miocene/Pliocene Boundary in the Mediterranean region. In: Giraud, F. & Mattioli, M. (Eds.) Recent advances in living coccolithophore and calcareous nannofossil studies, Proceedings of INA12, Lyon 2008. Geobios . 43(1): 5-20.

Gartner, S. 1967a. Calcareous nannofossils from Neogene of Trinidad, Jamaica, and Gulf of Mexico. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Papers 29: 1-7.

Gartner, S. 1969b. Correlation of Neogene planktonic foraminifera and calcareous nannofossil zones. Transactions of the Gulf-Coast Association of Geological Societies. 19: 585-599.

Geitzenauer, K. R. & Huddlestun, P. 1972. An upper-Pliocene-Pleistocene calcareous nannoplankton flora from a subantarctic Pacific deep-sea core. Micropaleontology. 18(4): 405-409.

Gheta, N. 1982. The Eocene of NW Transylvania. A new biochronostratigraphic zonation based on calcareous nannoplankton. Dari de Seama ale Sedintelor Institutul de Geologie si Geofizica 69: 95-106.

Haq, B. U., 1966. Electron microscope studies on some upper Eocene calcareous nannoplankton from Syria. Stockholm Contributions in Geology 15, 23-37.

Haq, B. U. 1968. Studies on upper Eocene calcareous nannoplankton from NW Germany. Stockholm Contributions in Geology 18: 13-74.

Haq, B. U. 1971. Paleogene calcareous nannoflora. Parts I-IV. Stockholm Contributions in Geology 25: 1-158.

Hay, W. W., Mohler, H. P. & Wade, M. E. 1966. Calcareous nannofossils from Nal'chik (northwest Caucasus). Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 59: 379-399.

Hay, W. W., Mohler, H. P., Roth, P. H., Schmidt, R. R. & Boudreaux, J. E. 1967. Calcareous nannoplankton zonation of the Cenozoic of the Gulf Coast and Caribbean-Antillean area, and transoceanic correlation. - Transactions of the Gulf-Coast Association of Geological Societies 17: 428-480.

Levin, H. L. 1965. Coccolithophoridae and related microfossils from the Yazoo Formation (Eocene) of Mississippi. Journal of Paleontology. 39(2): 265-272.

Maiorano, P. 2006. Reticulofenestra circus var. lata n. var.: a large reticulofenestrid (Coccolithophoridae) from the Early Oligocene. Micropaleontology. 52(1): 81-86.

Roth, P. H. 1970. Oligocene calcareous nannoplankton biostratigraphy. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 63: 799-881.

Roth, P. H. 1973. Calcareous nannofossils: Leg 17 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 17: 695-795.

Sato, T., Takayama, T., 1992. A stratigraphically significant new species of the calcareous nannofossil Reticulofenestra asanoi. In: Ishizaki, K. & Sato, T. (eds). Century of Japanese Micropalaeontology. Terra Scientific Tokyo, Tokyo pp. 457-460.

Stradner, H. & Edwards, A. R. 1968. Electron microscopic studies on Upper Eocene coccoliths from the Oamaru Diatomite, New Zealand. Jahrbuch der Geologischen Bundesanstalt. 13(66): 1-48.

Theodoridis, S. 1984. Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the Miocene and revision of the helicoliths and discoasters. Utrecht Micropaleontological Bulletin. 32: 1-271.

Varol, O. 1989a. Calcareous nannofossil study of the central and western Solomon Islands. In: Vedder, J.G. & Bruns, T.R., (Eds.), Geology and offshore resources of Pacific island arc-Solomon Islands and Bougainville, Papua New Guinea Regions: Houston, Texas, Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources Earth Sciences Series. 12: 239-268.

Wise, S. W. 1973. Calcareous nannofossils from cores recovered during Leg 18, Deep Sea Drilling Project: biostratigraphy and observations on diagenesis. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project 18: 569-615.